Contribuições da educação permanente para os conselhos de saúde: um estudo de revisão integrativa / Contributions of continuingeducation tothehealth councils: an integrative review study / Contribuciones de la educación continua a los consejos de salud: un estudio de revisión integradora

Introdução:Aeducação permanente propicia uma reflexão contínua frente à realidade posta e nos instiga a buscar soluções criativas para a superação dos problemas de saúde e, por conseguinte, qualificar as ações dos conselheiros de saúde, no intuito de aumentar a resolubilidade, a qualificação técnica e a eficiência do sistema de saúde.Objetivo:Analisar as contribuições da educação permanente para os Conselhos de Saúde.Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura científicaguiada pelo checklistIndicativos de Qualidade para Artigos de Revisão Integrativa, realizada em julho de 2021 e atualizada em junho de 2023.Resultados:Os 15 artigos incluídos na amostra final versam, em sua maioria, sobre os Conselhos Municipais de Saúde (73%), são decorrentes de estudos realizados no Sudeste do Brasil (60%) e foram publicados nos últimos vinte anos, com maior frequência em 2011 (20%). As congruências identificadas nos artigos foram organizadas em três categorias: 1) O papel do conselheiro de saúde; 2) Desafios encontrados no exercício do controle social; 3) A qualificação para o aperfeiçoamento dos processos decisórios dos Conselhos de Saúde. Os achados do estudo mostram que a falta de conhecimentos específicos e a ausência de ações de educação permanente para os conselheiros de saúde dificultam os processos decisórios e deliberativos dos Conselhos de Saúde.Conclusões:As consequências da falta de conhecimento sobre os temas pertinentes ao exercício do controle social têm grande influência na condução de políticas públicas e do sistema de saúde no Brasil (AU).

Introduction:Continuing education provides continuous reflection in the face of the imposed reality and encourages us to seek creative solutions to overcome health problems and, consequently, qualify the actions of health counselors, in order to increase solvability, technical qualification and efficiency of the health system. Objective:To analyze the contributions of continuing education to the Health Councils.Methodology:This is an integrative review of the scientific literature guided by the Quality Indicators forIntegrative Review Articles checklist, carried out in July 2021 and updated in June 2023. Results:Most of the 15 articles included in the final sample are about Municipal Health Councils (73%), are the result of studies carried out in the southeast of Brazil (60%) and were published in the last 20 years, most frequently in 2011 (20%). The congruences identified in the articles were organized into three categories: 1) The role of the health counselor; 2) Challenges found in the exercise of social control; 3) The qualification for the improvement of the decision-making processes of the Health Councils. The study findings show that the lack of specific knowledge and the absence of continuing education actions for health counselors hinder the decision-making and deliberative processes of the Health Councils. Conclusions:The consequences of the lack of knowledge about issues related to the exercise of social control have a great influence on the conduct of public policies and the health system in Brazil (AU).

Introducción: La educacióncontinua proporciona una reflexión continua frente a la realidad planteada y nos impulsa a buscar soluciones creativaspara superar los problemas de salud y, por lo tanto, calificar las acciones de los consejeros de salud, con el fin de aumentar la resolutividad, la calificación técnica y la eficiencia del sistema de salud. Objetivo: Analizar las contribuciones de la educación continua a los Consejos de Salud.Metodología: Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura científica guiada por la lista de verificación Indicadores de Calidad para Artículos de Revisión Integradora, realizada en julio de 2021 y actualizada enjunio de 2023. Resultados: Los 15 artículos incluidos en la muestra final son en su mayoría sobre Consejos Municipales de Salud (73%), son resultado de estudios realizados en el Sudeste de Brasil (60%) y fueron publicados en los últimos 20 años, con mayorfrecuencia en 2011 (20%). Las congruencias identificadas en los artículos fueron organizadas en tres categorías: 1) El papel del consejero de salud; 2) Desafíos encontrados en el ejercicio del control social; 3) La capacitación para la mejora de los procesos de toma de decisiones de los Consejos de Salud. Los hallazgos del estudio muestran que la falta de conocimientos específicos y la ausencia de acciones de educación continua para los consejeros de salud dificultan la toma de decisiones y los procesos deliberativos de los Consejos de Salud.Conclusiones: Las consecuencias de la falta de conocimiento sobre cuestiones relacionadas con el ejercicio del control social tienen una gran influencia en la conducción de las políticas públicas y el sistema de salud en Brasil (AU).

Impacto de la maestría en la formación investigativa de sus egresados a través de sus publicaciones / The Master's Degree in Research Training's Impact on its Graduates, Analyzed through their Publications

Introducción: La Maestría en Investigación en Aterosclerosis constituye una propuesta académica para elevar la calidad de la formación en salud sobre la base de métodos de investigación y aterosclerosis. Evaluar el impacto de su formación científica, evidenciará la relación causa-efecto entre la acción de superación y el comportamiento en el desempeño. Existen criterios de medida que sirven para hacerlo. Este trabajo empleó la publicación de artículos científicos. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la maestría mediante el efecto producido sobre el desempeño investigativo de los graduados, a través de sus publicaciones en revistas científicas. Métodos: Estudio bibliométrico, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se buscaron publicaciones de alumnos de tres ediciones en Google Académico. El criterio de desempeño investigativo evaluado fue el de artículos publicados. Se midieron las publicaciones de artículos científicos en cuanto a cantidad, calidad y extensión, en dos etapas; se compararon para medir impacto. Resultados: Se incrementaron significativamente los artículos originales y las revisiones bibliográficas en la segunda etapa. Se identificaron graduados más productivos, más citados, líderes; se publicó más en revistas grupo I. Las palabras clave estaban relacionadas con la aterosclerosis; se hallaron diferentes tipos de colaboración. Conclusiones: El incremento de publicaciones, especialmente artículos científicos con mayor liderazgo y colaboración en los últimos años, de citas y predominio en bases de datos internacionales, fueron muestra de productividad, visibilidad e impacto de la actividad científica(AU)

Introduction: The master's degree in Atherosclerosis Research is an academic proposal to raise the quality of health training based on research methods and atherosclerosis. To assess the impact of scientific training will show the cause-effect relationship between improvement action and performance behavior. There are measurement criteria that serve to this purpose. This work used the publication of scientific articles. Objective: To assess the impact of the master's degree through the effect produced on the research performance of graduates, through their publications in scientific journals. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective bibliometric study was carried out, searching, in Google Scholar, for publications by students from three editions. The assessed research performance criterion was the number of published articles. Publications of scientific articles were measured in terms of quantity, quality and length, in two stages; they were compared to measure impact. Results: Original articles and bibliographic reviews increased significantly in the second stage. More productive and more cited leading graduates were identified; more articles were published in group I journals. The keywords were related to atherosclerosis; different types of collaboration were found. Conclusions: The increase in publications, especially scientific articles with higher leadership and collaboration in recent years, as well as in citations and the predominance of representativeness in international databases, evidenced productivity, visibility and impact of the scientific activity(AU)

Contribución de los grupos de investigación a la formación doctoral del Programa en Ciencias de la Salud

Introducción: La inserción de los doctorandos en grupos de investigación favorece su formación y el trabajo en equipos interdisciplinares. Objetivo: Identificar la contribución de los grupos de investigación a la formación doctoral del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo en el período 2018-2021. El grupo de estudio estuvo constituido por egresados, matriculados y tutores del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud que imparte la Escuela Nacional de Salud Pública. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad, a partir de una guía de tres temas que abordaba la problemática investigada, y que fueron validadas por miembros del Comité Doctoral. Resultados: Los egresados reconocieron la contribución de la inserción en los equipos durante su formación e hicieron sugerencias relacionadas con el acompañamiento durante el proceso. En el caso de los que estaban en formación, sugirieron aspectos que favorecerían el acceso a orientaciones con la forma de presentación y redacción de la tesis. Los tutores expresaron su conformidad con la inclusión de sus tutelados en los grupos y sugirieron, entre otros aspectos, aumentar la divulgación de los talleres previos a la defensa. Conclusiones: En la Escuela Nacional de Salud Pública (ENSAP) se ha logrado que los/as profesionales con grados científicos no trabajen aislados, sino que estén articulados a los grupos de investigación, con resultados favorables, lo que ha sido avalado por los/as egresados/as del programa, matriculados/as y tutores.

Introduction: The insertion of PhD aspirants into research groups favors their training and work in interdisciplinary teams. Objective: To identify the contribution of research groups to the doctoral training of the doctoral program in Health Sciences. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in the period 2018-2021. The study group consisted of graduates, enrolled participants and supervisors from the doctoral program in Health Sciences taught by the Escuela Nacional de Salud Pública. In-depth interviews were carried out upon the basis of a guide with three topics that addressed the investigated problem situation, validated by members of the Doctoral Board. Results: The graduates recognized the contribution of them being inserted into the teams during their training and made suggestions related to the accompaniment during the process. In the case of those in training, they suggested aspects that would favor access to guidance concerning how to present and write their dissertations. The supervisors expressed their agreement with the inclusion of their protégés into the groups and recommended, among other aspects, increasing the dissemination of the workshops prior to the defense. Conclusions: At the Escuela Nacional de Salud Pública, it has been achieved that professionals with scientific degrees do not work in isolation, but in an articulated manner together with research groups, with favorable results, which has been acknowledged by graduates, enrolled participants and supervisors from that program.

Diretrizes de (con)federações nacionais para o desenvolvimento de treinadores de handebol em uma perspectiva de longo prazo / National (con)federations guidelines for the handball coaches development in the long-term overview / Directrices de las (con)federaciones nacionales para el desarrollo de entrenadores de balonmano en una perspectiva de largo plazo

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as diretrizes de formação de treinadores de handebol em países que alcançaram resultados expressivos no contexto internacional nos últimos anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, realizada en-tre dezembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021. Os dados foram extraídos dos endereços eletrônicos oficiais das respectivas (con)federações nacionais, por um instrumento elaborado pelos autores e, posteriormente, foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Os achados denotam o envolvimento das (con)federações na formação dos treinadores, que, por sua vez, apresentou características padronizadas e hierarquizadas, proporcionando diferentes níveis de treinadores, relacionados aos diversos contextos de atuação da modalidade (AU).

This study aimed at identifying and analyzing handball coaches' development guidelines in countries that got significant results in the international background in the last few years. It's a documental research performed between december 2020 and january 2021. The data was collected from the official websites of the respective national (con)federations using an instrument de-signed by the authors. It was analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings denote the engagement of the (con)federations in the coaches' development, which presented standardized and hierar-chical characteristics, providing different levels of coaches for each of the related fields of handball (AU)

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar y anali-zar las directrices de la formación de entrenadores de balonmano en naciones que lograron resultados expresivos en contexto inter-nacional en los últimos años. Se trata de una investigación docu-mental realizada entre diciembre de 2020 y enero de 2021. Los da-tos fueran obtenidos de las direcciones electrónicas oficiales de las (con)federaciones utilizando una herramienta confeccionada por los autores y después fue analizado mediante análisis temática. Los hallazgos denotan la participación de las (con)federaciones en la for-mación de entrenadores que, por su vez, presentó características estandarizadas y jerarquizadas proporcionando distintos grados de entrenador para cada ámbito de actuación en lo balonmano (AU).

Evidence-informed framework for gender transformative continuing education interventions for midwives and midwifery associations.

INTRODUCTION: Continuing education for midwives is an important investment area to improve the quality of sexual and reproductive health services. Interventions must take into account and provide solutions for the systemic barriers and gender inequities faced by midwives. Our objective was to generate concepts and a theoretical framework of the range of factors and gender transformative considerations for the development of continuing education interventions for midwives. METHODS: A critical interpretive synthesis complemented by key informant interviews, focus groups, observations and document review was applied. Three electronic bibliographic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE) were searched from July 2019 to September 2020 and were again updated in June 2021. A coding structure was created to guide the synthesis across the five sources of evidence. RESULTS: A total of 4519 records were retrieved through electronic searches and 103 documents were included in the critical interpretive synthesis. Additional evidence totalled 31 key informant interviews, 5 focus groups (Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania), 24 programme documents and field observations in the form of notes. The resulting theoretical framework outlines the key considerations including gender, the role of the midwifery association, political and health systems and external forces along with key enabling elements for the design, implementation and evaluation of gender transformative continuing education interventions. CONCLUSION: Investments in gender transformative continuing education for midwives, led by midwifery associations, can lead to the improvement of midwifery across all United Nations' target areas including governance, health workforce, health system arrangements and education.

Treinamento mediado pela prática supervisionada à beira-leito para enfermeiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19: estudo observacional / Capacitación mediada por la práctica supervisada a pie de cama para enfermeros durante la pandemia de COVID-19: estudio observacional / Mediated training by bedside supervised practice for nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study

Resumo Objetivos descrever estratégia de treinamento mediado pela prática supervisionada à beira-leito para enfermeiros na pandemia de COVID-19 e identificar a percepção dos enfermeiros quanto à contribuição do treinamento na aquisição de conhecimentos e habilidades para o atendimento ao paciente crítico. Método estudo observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado em hospital de grande porte (São Paulo). Dados foram coletados no primeiro semestre de 2021 após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, sob Parecer 5.423.393. Foram selecionados dez procedimentos para supervisão, como aspiração traqueal, sondagem nasogástrica, punção venosa, paramentação, curativo e manuseio de equipamentos. Resultados dos 72 participantes, 87,5% eram mulheres, com idade e tempo médio de atuação de 33 anos a nove meses, respectivamente. Inicialmente, o profissional participou do treinamento institucional padrão de 26 horas e, posteriormente, ao mediado pela prática supervisionada. O tempo médio por procedimento foi de 45 minutos. A mediana de proficiência em oito dos procedimentos foi oito. A maioria dos profissionais se autoavaliou como confiante (98,9%) e satisfeitos com o treinamento (99,4%). Conclusão e implicações para a prática o treinamento possibilitou um processo estruturado de identificação e acompanhamento da prática assistencial, permitindo uma estratégia efetiva para prover profissionais preparados e atuando com segurança.

Resumen Objetivos describir estrategia de formación mediada por la práctica supervisada de cabecera para enfermeros durante la pandemia de COVID -19 y identificar la percepción de los enfermeros sobre la contribución de la formación de cabecera en la adquisición de conocimientos y habilidades para la práctica asistencial en la atención a pacientes críticos. Método estudio observacional de carácter longitudinal, retrospectivo y descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital privado de gran porte en São Paulo. Los datos recopilados se refieren al período de abril a junio de 2021. La investigación fue aprobada por el por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, bajo el Dictamen 5.423.393. Se seleccionaron diez procedimientos para supervisión, como aspiración traqueal, sonda nasogástrica, venopunción, batas, vendajes y manejo de equipos. El análisis de los datos se basó en estadística descriptiva y pruebas estadísticas. Resultado de los 72 participantes, el 87,5% era mujer, de 33 años de edad promedio y un tiempo promedio de nueve meses de trabajo (50%). Inicialmente, los profesionales participaron de la formación institucional estándar de 26 horas y, posteriormente, de la formación mediada por la práctica supervisada. El tiempo medio por procedimiento fue de 45 minutos. La mediana de competencia en ocho de los procedimientos fue ocho. La mayoría de los profesionales se calificaron como confiados (98,9%) y satisfechos con la formación (99,4%). Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica la capacitación posibilitó un proceso estructurado de identificación y seguimiento de la práctica asistencial, posibilitando una estrategia eficaz para brindar profesionales preparados que trabajen con seguridad.

Abstract Objective to describe a strategy of mediated training by bedside supervised practice for nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine nurses' perception about contribution of bedside training for the acquisition of knowledge and skills for healthcare practice in critical care settings. Methods this was an observational, longitudinal, retrospective and descriptive study that used a quantitative approach, conducted at a large private health care facility in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The data collected refer to the period from April to June 2021. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, under Protocol 5.423.393. Ten procedures were selected for supervision, such as tracheal aspiration, nasogastric tube, venipuncture, donning, dressing and equipment handling. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analyses and statistical tests. Results of the participants (72), 87.7% were women with mean age of 33 years and their mean work experience was 9 months (50%). Initially, professionals participated in the standard 26-hour institutional training and, later, in supervised practice-mediated training. The mean time per procedure was 45 minutes. The median proficiency in eight of the procedures was eight. Most professionals rated themselves as confident (98.9%) and satisfied with the training (99.4%). Conclusion and implications for practice the training enabled a structured process of identification and monitoring of care practice, allowing for an effective strategy to provide prepared professionals who work safely.

Tecnologias educacionais para o desenvolvimento de educação na saúde: uma revisão integrativa / Educational technologies for the development of health education: an integrative review / Tecnologías educativas para el desarrollo de la educación sanitaria: una revisión integradora

educação na saúde integra um conjunto de estratégias que possibilitam o desenvolvimento pessoal, profissional, cultural e social dos trabalhadores da saúde. Nesse sentido, o uso de tecnologias educacionais associado aos conhecimentos que os profissionais já detêm mostra- se como uma boa ferramenta para formação e consequente melhoria na qualidade do serviço prestado. Sendo assim, este trabalho buscou identificar na literatura as tecnologias educacionais utilizadas na educação na saúde. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que teve como questão norteadora: quais têm sido as tecnologias educacionais utilizadas na educação na saúde identificadas na literatura? A busca eletrônica ocorreu no período de agosto a outubro de 2021, por meio das bases: SCOPUS (Elsevier); Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Web of Science; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de Dados em Enfermagem e Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; Scientific Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System via PUBMED e a biblioteca virtual Scientific Electronic Library Online. Foram incluídos 11 artigos primários indexados. Verificou-se uma variedade de tecnologias utilizadas como estratégias de educação na saúde, evidenciado que, em sua maioria, são do tipo leve-duras ou duras. Enfatiza-se, entre elas, as tecnologias de informação e comunicação que possuem potencial de abrangência, sendo implementadas em diversos contextos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação permanente em saúde; Educação; Tecnologia educacional; Capacitação de recursos humanos em saúde.

Health education is presented to enable the personal, professional, cultural and social development of health workers. In this sense, the use of educational technologies associated with the knowledge that professionals already have is shown to be a good strategy for training and consequent improvement in the quality of the service provided. Therefore, this work sought to identify in the literature the educational technologies used for the development of health education. This is an integrative literature review whose guiding question is: what educational technologies have been used in health education identified in the literature? The electronic search was carried out from August to October 2020, using the SCOPUS (Elsevier); Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Web of Science; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados em Enfermagem e Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; Scientific Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System via PUBMED and biblioteca virtual Scientific Electronic Library Online. Eleven indexed primary articles were included. A variety of technologies used to develop health education strategies were found in the literature, showing that most of them are of the light-hard or hard type. Emphasis is placed, among them, on information and communication technologies that have the potential for coverage, being implemented in different contexts.

La educación sanitaria integra un conjunto de estrategias que permiten el desarrollo personal, profesional, cultural y social del personal sanitario. En este sentido, el uso de tecnologías educativas asociadas a los conocimientos que ya tienen los profesionales es una buena herramienta para la formación y la consiguiente mejora de la calidad del servicio prestado. Por lo tanto, este estudio buscó identificar en la literatura las tecnologías educativas utilizadas en la educación sanitaria. Se trató de una revisión bibliográfica integradora cuya pregunta guía fue: ¿cuáles han sido las tecnologías educativas utilizadas en la educación sanitaria identificadas en la literatura? La búsqueda electrónica se realizó entre agosto y octubre de 2021, a través de las siguientes bases de datos: SCOPUS (Elsevier); Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Web of Science; Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Database y Spanish Bibliographic Index on Health Sciences vía Virtual Health Library; Scientific Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System vía PUBMED y la biblioteca virtual Scientific Electronic Library Online. Se incluyeron once artículos primarios indexados. Se verificó una variedad de tecnologías utilizadas como estrategias de educación en salud, evidenciando que, en su mayoría, son del tipo leve- dura o duras. Entre otras cosas, se enfatizan las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación que tienen potencial de crecimiento, siendo implementadas en diversos contextos.

Boletim Educação em Debate - Ed. 6 / Debate Education Bulletin - Ed. 6

A Superintendência de Educação em Saúde (SUPES) lança a 6° e última edição do ano de 2022 do Boletim "Educação em Debate". Nesta edição, que é no mês da Consciência Negra, o bate papo do editorial está voltado para a pauta do racismo no campo da saúde e da formação. Para essa conversa, convidamos Caio Vitor Pereira Silva estudante do 8º período de graduação em Psicologia, da Universidade Veiga de Almeida, estagiário do Programa de Estágio Bolsista em Gestão de Políticas Publicas de Saúde ­ GPPS da SES-RJ, para falar sobre o tema a partir da sua perspectiva enquanto um estudante negro em formação. Nas demais seções, notícias e novidades sobre educação em saúde, pesquisa e ensino-serviço.

Validation of a permanent health education workshop on nutrition, physical activity and bodily practices / Validação de oficina de educação permanente em alimentação, atividade física e práticas corporais

This study aims to describe the development and validation of a permanent health education work-shop protocol for professional qualification in promoting adequate and healthy eating and physical activity and bodily practices for professionals working in Primary Health Care. The protocol de-velopment was based on the following theoretical references: Brazilian Dietary Guidelines, Brazil-ian Physical Activity Guidelines, Interprofessional Collaborative Practice, and Critical-Reflective Methodology (MCR); and it was proposed with 6 modules, totaling 30 hours of qualification. The protocol was evaluated in two panels of experts for content validation, which assessed aspects of clar-ity, relevance, and representativeness. The Content Validity Index (CVI), considering adequate the activities that scored CVI>0.8; and the proportion of theoretical representativeness in each activity were calculated. All 32 activities in the protocol have been validated for clarity and relevance, and the representativeness obtained results consistent with the objectives of each module. The represent-ativeness of MCR in the protocol as a whole was of 86.25%. The workshop activities protocol was evaluated as adequate for the proposed objective, considering its theoretical framework and its target audience. This is the first validated permanent education workshop to work in combination the Bra-zilian Dietary Guidelines and the Brazilian Physical Activity Guidelines, and it can be applied to the qualification of professionals in Primary Health Care throughout Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o desenvolvimento e validação de conteúdo de um protocolo de oficina de educação permanente em saúde para a qualificação profissional em promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável e da atividade física e práticas corporais voltado aos profissionais atuantes na Atenção Primária à Saúde. O desenvolvimento do protocolo utilizou como referenciais teóricos o Guia Alimentar para a Popu-lação Brasileira, o Guia de Atividade Física para a População Brasileira, a Prática Colaborativa Interpro-fissional e a Metodologia Crítico-Reflexiva (MCR); e foi definido com seis módulos presenciais, totalizando 30 horas de qualificação. O protocolo foi avaliado nos aspectos de clareza, pertinência e representatividade, em dois painéis de juízes para validação de conteúdo. Foram calculados o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC), considerando adequadas as atividades que pontuaram IVC>0,8; e o percentual de representatividade dos referenciais teóricos em cada atividade. Todas as 32 atividades do protocolo foram validadas para clareza e pertinência; e a representatividade obteve resultados condizentes com os objetivos de cada módulo. A repre-sentatividade da MCR no protocolo como um todo foi de 86,25%. As atividades da oficina foram avaliadas como adequadas ao objetivo proposto, considerando seu referencial teórico e seu público-alvo. Esta é a pri-meira oficina de educação permanente em saúde validada a trabalhar em formação combinada com o Guia Alimentar e o Guia de Atividade Física para a População Brasileira, e pode ser aplicada para a qualificação de profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde em todo Brasil

A dramatização como dispositivo para a Educação Permanente em Saúde Mental: uma pesquisa-intervenção / La dramatización como dispositivo para la Educación Permanente en Salud Mental: una investigación-intervención / Dramatization as a device for Permanent Education in Mental Health: an intervention-research

O artigo analisa as repercussões da dramatização como dispositivo para a Educação Permanente em Saúde Mental na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Uma pesquisa-intervenção foi realizada com vinte trabalhadores de duas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família, pautada no referencial teórico-metodológico da Socioclínica Institucional. A dramatização foi utilizada como dispositivo para possibilitar o processo de formação em serviço, permitindo constatar a desarticulação do trabalho e o centramento do cuidado em três eixos: na doença, na medicação e na decisão médica ou de enfermagem como ações instituídas no serviço. Contudo, proporcionou aprendizado por meio da problematização do trabalho e do olhar para si. (AU)

El artículo analiza las repercusiones de la dramatización como dispositivo para la educación permanente en salud mental en la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Se realizó una investigación-intervención con veinte trabajadores de dos equipos de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, basada en el referencial teórico-metodológico de la Socioclínica Institucional. La dramatización se utilizó como dispositivo para posibilitar el proceso de formación en el trabajo, permitiendo constatar la desarticulación del trabajo y el centrado del cuidado en tres ejes: en la enfermedad, en la medicación y en la decisión médica o de enfermería como acciones instituidas en el servicio. No obstante, proporcionó el aprendizaje por medio de la problematización del trabajo y de la mirada hacia sí mismo. (AU)

The article analyzes repercussions of dramatization as a device for permanent education in mental health in Primary Care. An intervention-research was conducted with twenty workers from two teams of the Family Health Strategy, based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Institutional Socioclinic. Dramatization was used as a device to enable the process of in-service education, allowing to observe the disarticulation of work and the centering of care in three axes: disease, medication and medical or nursing decisions as instituted actions in the service. However, it provided learning through problematization of work and self-looking. (AU)

A dimensão técnico-pedagógica do apoio matricial no Núcleo de Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf-AB) / The technical-pedagogical dimension of matrix support in expanded family health units (NASF-AB) / La dimensión técnico-pedagógica del apoyo matricial en el Núcleo Ampliado de Salud de la Familia (NASF-AB)

O apoio matricial, organizador do trabalho do Núcleo de Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf-AB), possui uma dimensão assistencial e outra técnico-pedagógica. Este estudo objetivou analisar a dimensão técnico-pedagógica no Nasf-AB. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-intervenção participativa, em que foram realizadas observações participantes e grupos de reflexão. Pela análise temática, constatou-se que os profissionais não reconhecem prontamente a dimensão técnico-pedagógica, mas ela está presente nas práticas. Dificuldades para operar a dimensão técnico-pedagógica são relacionadas à priorização da assistência individual pelo Nasf-AB; à gestão da demanda; à participação dos ACS nas reuniões; à gestão e à gerência do processo de trabalho; às concepções sobre ensinar e aprender no matriciamento. A construção do conhecimento fora dos espaços instituídos das reuniões matriciais pode alargar possibilidades pedagógicas para ampliação da clínica.(AU)

Matrix support, which organizes the work of expanded family health units (NASF-AB), has care and technical-pedagogical dimensions. This study analyzed the technical-pedagogical dimension in a NASF-AB. We conducted a participatory intervention study using participant observation and reflection groups. The results of the thematic analysis showed that although professionals did not readily recognize the technical-pedagogical dimension, it was present in everyday practice. Difficulties in incorporating the technical-pedagogical dimension are related to the prioritization of individual care by the NASF-AB; demand management; participation of community health workers in meetings; management of work processes; and conceptions of teaching and learning in matrix support. Knowledge construction outside the spaces established for matrix support meetings could enhance pedagogical possibilities for expanding clinical care.(AU)

El apoyo matricial, organizador del trabajo Núcleo de Ampliado de Salud de la Familia (NASF-AB), tiene una dimensión asistencial y otra técnico-pedagógica. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la dimensión técnico-pedagógica en el NASF-AB. Se trata de una investigación-intervención participativa en la que se realizaron observaciones participantes y grupos de reflexión. Por medio del análisis temático se constató que los profesionales no reconocen inmediatamente la dimensión técnico-pedagógica, pero ella está presente en las prácticas. Las dificultades para operar la dimensión técnico-pedagógica se relacionan a la priorización de la asistencia individual por parte del NASF-AB, a la gestión de la demanda, a la participación de la ACS en las reuniones, a la gestión y gerencia del proceso de trabajo y a las concepciones sobre enseñar y aprender en la organización matricial. La construcción del conocimiento fuera de los espacios instituidos de las reuniones matriciales puede ensanchar posibilidades pedagógicas para ampliación de la clínica.(AU)

The integration of mental health care act in primary care: an audit of the use of mental health care act forms for patients´ admission and the effect of continuing medical education on health professionals´ performance of usage, based on Letsholathebe II Memorial Hospital´s experience, in Maun, Botswana.

INTRODUCTION: despite the adoption of mental disorders act in 1972, the use of required mental health care act (MHCA) forms during admission of patients with mental illnesses remained below the legal expectation in the Maun District Hospital. This study audited Letsholathebe II Memorial Hospital (LIIMH) professionals´ usage of MHCA forms. METHODS: this was a quasi-experimental study that audited files of patients admitted with mental illnesses, before, three and six months after a continuing medical education (CME). Cochran Q, McNemar symmetry Chi-square were used for comparison of performance. RESULTS: of the 239 eligible files, we accessed 235 (98.3%). About two in ten (n=36/235, 15.3%) MHCA forms were not used in combination with required forms. The quasi-majority of MHCA forms set used, aligned with involuntary admission (n=134/137, 97.8%). Required admission MHCA forms significantly increased from nil before continuing medical education (CME-0), to 64.6% (n=51/79) at CME-3 and 77% (n=59/77) at CME-6 (p<0.001). However, there was no statistical difference between the last two periods (64.6% vs 77%, p=0.164). Voluntary admission remained below 13% (n=10/79). Only six types of MHCA forms were used during this study. CONCLUSION: there was no adequate use of required MHCA forms at LIIMH before CME. Thereafter, the proportion of adequate use increased from period CME-0 to the periods CME-3 and CME-6. However, there was no difference in proportion between the last two periods. We recommend an effective and regular CME twice a year for health professionals on selected MHCA forms.

Evaluation of a web-based educational programme for pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Continuing education is essential for pharmacists to acquire and maintain the knowledge, skills, and ethical attitudes necessary for clinical practice. However, with the emergence of COVID-19, the social circumstances and face-to-face learning environments have changed. The objectives of this study were to determine Japanese pharmacists' perception of a web-based educational programme in oncology, and assess changes in their understanding of pharmaceutical care in oncology before and after their participation in the webinar. METHODS: Questionnaire-based surveys were conducted for the participants of the web-based educational programme to determine their perspectives on the webinar, and their degree of comprehension of the five cancer types covered before and after watching the webinar. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Of the 1936 pharmacists taking the programme, all participated in the pre-webinar survey, and 1861 (96.1%) in the post-webinar survey. Compared with previous seminars that were held in the offline mode before the COVID-19 pandemic, 76.8% of respondents were significantly satisfied with the web-based educational programme. The median post-webinar comprehension scores in all modules were significantly higher than the median pre-webinar scores (p < 0.0001). A majority of the participants agreed that a web-based educational programme was satisfactory in acquiring knowledge. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: This web-based educational programme was effective for Japanese pharmacists for postgraduate education in pharmaceutical care in oncology. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to report the effectiveness of a web-based educational programme for oncology pharmacists using a large population.

What is the Interobserver Reliability of an Ultrasound-enhanced Physical Examination of the Hip in Infants? A Prospective Study on the Ease of Acquiring Skills to Diagnose Hip Dysplasia.

BACKGROUND: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common disorder found in newborns. The consequences of DDH can be mitigated with early diagnosis and nonoperative treatment, but existing approaches do not address the current training deficit in making an early diagnosis. QUESTION/PURPOSE: Can ultrasound be taught to and used reliably by different providers to identify DDH in neonates? METHODS: This was a prospective observational study of a series of neonates referred for an evaluation of their hips. An experienced clinician trained three second examiners (a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon, an orthopaedic resident, and a pediatrician) in performing an ultrasound-enhanced physical examination. The 2-hour training process included video and clinical didactic sessions aimed to teach examiners to differentiate between stable and unstable hips in newborns using ultrasound. The experienced clinician was a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon who uses ultrasound regularly in clinical practice. Materials required for training include one ultrasound device. A total of 227 infants (454 hips) were examined by one of the three second examiners and the experienced clinician (gold standard) to assess reliability. Of the 454 hips reviewed, there were 18 dislocations, 24 unstable hips, and 63 dysplastic hips, and the remainder had normal findings. The cohort was composed of a series of patients younger than 6 months referred to a specialty pediatric orthopaedic practice. RESULTS: Ultrasound-enhanced physical examination of the hip was easily taught, and the results were reliable among different levels of providers. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the gold-standard examiner and the other examiners for all hips was 0.915 (p = 0.001). When adjusting for only the binary outcome of normal versus abnormal hips, the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.97 (p = 0.001). Thus, the agreement between learners and the experienced examiner was very high after learners completed the course. CONCLUSION: After a 2-hour course, physicians were able to understand and reliably examine neonatal children using ultrasound to assess for DDH. The success of the didactic approach outlined in this study supports the need for ultrasound-enhanced examination training for the diagnosis of DDH in orthopaedic surgery and pediatric residency core curriculums. Training programs would best be supported through established residency programs. Expansion of training more residents in the use of ultrasound-enhanced physical examinations would require a study to determine its efficacy. This finding highlights the need for further research in implementing ultrasound-enhanced physical examinations on a broader scale. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, diagnostic study.

Formação de Apoiadores Institucionais para o Acolhimento em Redes de Atenção à Saúde (ApI-ARAS): Caderno de Planejamento, Monitoramento e Avaliação (PMA) / Training Institutional Supporters for Reception in Health Care Networks (ApI-ARAS): Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation (PMA) Notebook

Este Caderno de Textos foi elaborado com o propósito de subsidiar o itinerário e gestão na Formação de Apoiadores Institucionais para o Acolhimento em Redes de Atenção à Saúde (ApI-ARAS), no que tange ao Planejamento, Monitoramento e Avaliação, a partir dos pressupostos da Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH) e Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (PNEPS). O ApI-ARAS é uma proposta integrada de qualificação das frentes de Apoio Institucional no âmbito do SUS no Tocantins, com o objetivo de fortalecer o Acolhimento em Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Acreditamos que o encontro destes atores no processo formativo tem potencial para o fortalecimento da atuação dos apoiadores institucionais. Este Caderno integra conteúdos referentes ao Planejamento, Monitoramento e Avaliação, articulando com outros Cadernos, especialmente construídos para subsidiar o processo formativo ApI-ARAS, dialogando com os temas previstos na Matriz Curricular do Curso: Apoio como potência e intervenção na realidade; Saúde do(a) trabalhador(a) do SUS; Acolhimento em Redes de Atenção à Saúde; e Eixos avaliativos e indicadores. Neste volume foram contemplados aspectos referentes ao desenho do processo formativo, bases pedagógicas, metodológicas e de intervenção, além do delineamento do monitoramento e avaliação, norteadores para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem e gestão. Esperamos que este material contribua para reflexões acerca das questões que permeiam o universo do trabalho e para a (re)organização do processo de trabalho em saúde, promovendo a autonomia dos sujeitos envolvidos na produção de saúde.

This Textbook was prepared with the purpose of subsidizing the itinerary and management in the Training of Institutional Supporters for Reception in Health Care Networks (ApI-ARAS), with regard to Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation, based on the assumptions of the National Humanization Policy (PNH) and National Policy on Permanent Education in Health (PNEPS). ApI-ARAS is an integrated proposal for the qualification of Institutional Support fronts within the scope of the SUS in Tocantins, with the objective of strengthening the Reception in Health Care Networks. We believe that the meeting of these actors in the training process has the potential to strengthen the performance of institutional supporters. This Notebook integrates contents related to Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation, articulating with other Notebooks, specially built to subsidize the ApI-ARAS training process, dialoguing with the themes foreseen in the Curriculum Matrix of the Course: Support as power and intervention in reality; Health of SUS workers; Reception in Health Care Networks; and Evaluation axes and indicators. In this volume, aspects related to the design of the training process, pedagogical, methodological and intervention bases, in addition to the design of monitoring and evaluation, guiding the teaching-learning and management process were considered. We hope that this material will contribute to reflections on the issues that permeate the universe of work and for the (re)organization of the health work process, promoting the autonomy of the subjects involved in the production of health.

Este Libro de Texto fue elaborado con el propósito de subsidiar el itinerario y la gestión en la Formación de Apoyos Institucionales para la Acogida en Redes de Atención a la Salud (API-ARAS), en lo que se refiere a Planificación, Seguimiento y Evaluación, con base en los presupuestos de la Política Nacional de Humanización ( PNH) y Política Nacional de Educación Permanente en Salud (PNEPS). ApI-ARAS es una propuesta integrada para la calificación de frentes de Apoyo Institucional en el ámbito del SUS en Tocantins, con el objetivo de fortalecer la Acogida en las Redes de Atención a la Salud. Creemos que el encuentro de estos actores en el proceso de formación tiene el potencial de fortalecer la actuación de los promotores institucionales. Este Cuaderno integra contenidos relacionados con la Planificación, Seguimiento y Evaluación, articulándose con otros Cuadernos, especialmente construidos para subsidiar el proceso de formación ApI-ARAS, dialogando con los temas previstos en la Matriz Curricular del Curso: Apoyo como poder e intervención en la realidad; Salud de los trabajadores del SUS; Acogida en Redes de Atención a la Salud; y Ejes e indicadores de evaluación. En este volumen se consideraron aspectos relacionados con el diseño del proceso de formación, bases pedagógicas, metodológicas y de intervención, además del diseño de seguimiento y evaluación, orientando el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y de gestión. Esperamos que este material contribuya a la reflexión sobre las cuestiones que permean el universo del trabajo y para la (re)organización del proceso de trabajo en salud, promoviendo la autonomía de los sujetos involucrados en la producción de salud.

Estrategias digitales de educación en salud sobre leishmaniasis / Digital strategies for health education on leishmaniasis

La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad desatendida y endémica en localidades remotas de Perú, y existe evidencia de un alto índice de inexperiencia por parte del personal de salud que labora en zonas endémicas; asociada al diagnóstico, tratamiento y desconocimiento de protocolos nacionales e internacionales respecto a la enfermedad; lo que se traduce en un incremento de eventos adversos o una cura incompleta para los pacientes. Por otro lado, la pandemia por COVID-19, ha originado interrupción en los sistemas educativos, estimulando la aplicación de enfoques educativos a distancia. Se elaboró un programa académico de educación superior bajo la modalidad virtual, dirigido a profesionales sanitarios que laboran en áreas de riesgo o endémicas de leishmania, en el marco del eLearning, empleando tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) como herramientas para el aprendizaje; y se aplicó la metodología MEDESME en la planificación de herramientas digitales educativas. El producto incluyó la ficha académica del programa "leishmaniasis tegumentaria y visceral", diversos recursos de autoaprendizaje y estrategias de evaluación digitales. La aplicación del programa educativo permitiría capacitar y actualizar conocimientos a los profesionales de la salud y, en consecuencia, optimizar el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes afectados por las distintas manifestaciones de la leishmaniasis(AU)

Leishmaniasis is a neglected and endemic disease in remote locations in Peru, and there is evidence of a high rate of inexperience on the part of health personnel working in endemic areas; associated with the diagnosis, treatment and ignorance of national and international protocols regarding the disease; which translates into an increase in adverse events or an incomplete cure for patients. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in educational systems, stimulating the application of distance educational approaches. An academic program of higher education was developed under the virtual modality, aimed at health professionals who work in risky or endemic areas of leishmania, within the framework of eLearning, using information and communication technologies (ICT) as tools for learning; and the MEDESME methodology was applied in the planning of educational digital tools. The product included the academic record of the program "integumentary and visceral leishmaniasis", various self-study resources and digital assessment strategies. The application of the educational program would allow health professionals to be trained and updated and, consequently, to optimize the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients affected by the different manifestations of leishmaniasis(AU)

Asistencia sanitaria y servicios sociales: enseñanza y aprendizaje significativo en talleres técnicos por el método de proyecto / Healthcare and social services: meaningful teaching and learning in technical workshops by the project method

Los derechos humanos, incluyendo la concreción del derecho a la salud, en Perú, contempla el mandato dirigido a los poderes públicos para que organicen la asistencia sanitaria, como elemento causal, específico y adopten el conjunto de medidas necesarias para lograr la prevención de las enfermedades o la mejora de las condiciones sanitarias generales, mediante el método de proyecto en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje se abordan los principios rectores de la política social y económica, contenidos del Estado social, y los mecanismos de justiciabilidad y exigibilidad. Se estudió el proceso enseñanza y aprendizaje significativo sobre asistencia sanitaria y servicios sociales en los talleres técnicos, en la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas, de la Universidad Peruana Los Andes, durante el periodo lectivo 2019-II. En el egresado conlleva la interacción entre los conocimientos y la información nueva que recibe, en este proceso se construye un nuevo conocimiento o profundiza en los ya existentes. Este conocimiento es organizado y sistemático con conexiones interdisciplinarias entre ideas, se promueve desde el trabajo en equipo y colaborativo, capaz de vencer ambigüedades, complejidades y a lo impredecible; y aprovecha los recursos o herramientas de la vida real, por lo que el método de proyecto es una herramienta pedagógica aplicable a la formación del abogado(AU)

Human rights, including the realization of the right to health, in Peru, contemplates the mandate directed to the public powers to organize health care, as a causal, specific element and adopt the set of measures necessary to achieve the prevention of diseases or the improvement of general sanitary conditions, through the project method in the teaching-learning process, the guiding principles of social and economic policy, contents of the social State, and the mechanisms of justiciability and enforceability are addressed. The teaching and meaningful learning process on health care and social services was studied in technical workshops at the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Universidad Peruana Los Andes, during the 2019-II school period. In the graduate, it involves the interaction between knowledge and the new information received, in this process a new knowledge is built or deepens existing ones. This knowledge is organized and systematic with interdisciplinary connections between ideas, it is promoted from team and collaborative work, capable of overcoming ambiguities, complexities and the unpredictable; and it takes advantage of the resources or tools of the real life, reason why the project method is a pedagogical tool applicable to the training of the lawyer(AU)

Assessing webinar outcomes for health professionals: a perspective from Indonesia during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

PURPOSE: With the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health institutions and hospitals are increasingly relying on e-learning for continuing education. However, in many countries there is still limited data on the effectiveness of online learning particularly in the healthcare field. This study aims to evaluate whether webinar as a form of online educational intervention is satisfactory and effective for the continuing education of health professionals in Indonesia. METHODS: We collected participants' demographic information including health profession, place of work, work unit, and year of graduation. There were six independent webinars included in this study. Webinar outcomes included satisfaction and learning scores. Regarding satisfaction, participants were told to complete a satisfaction survey and asked whether they would recommend the webinar to their colleagues. Regarding learning, information on their mean pre-test and post-test scores was collected. RESULTS: A total of 3,607 health professionals were enrolled, with the highest participation in webinars about emergency cases and COVID-19 management. The response towards satisfaction was overwhelmingly positive. In all six webinars, post-test scores were statistically significantly higher than pre-test scores. Recently graduated physicians scored higher in learning than senior physicians, while place of work and work unit did not significantly affect the scores. CONCLUSION: The use of webinar for health professionals training in Indonesia was well-received amid the ongoing pandemic. In the future, health institutions and teaching hospitals should optimize the implementation of webinar training as it is associated with low cost, high flexibility, and less time commuting.

Formación del residente en gastroenterología: una propuesta pedagógica para la atención holística endoscópica a pacientes con neoplasias del sistema digestivo / Gastroenterology residents training: a pedagogical proposal for the endoscopic holistic care to patients with digestive system neoplasms

Introducción: En el proceso de formación del residente en Gastroenterología se perciben limitaciones en la atención a pacientes con neoplasias digestivas, las cuales tienen su base en una insuficiente dinámica, en tanto se revela una visible polarización médico-instrumental de la práctica asistencial, orientada más hacia la endoscopia digestiva diagnóstica y terapéutica, en detrimento de lo preventivo, como parte indisoluble de esa formación. Objetivo: Proponer una estrategia para la formación del residente en gastroenterología en la atención holística endoscópica a pacientes con neoplasias del sistema digestivo. Desarrollo: Se propone una estrategia pedagógica para sistematizar la atención holística preventivo-diagnóstico-terapéutica en la formación del residente en gastroenterología, que deviene un instrumento práctico y flexible, contentivo de etapas, subetapas, orientaciones metodológicas y un sistema de evaluación que permite articular los contenidos clínico-endoscópicos, en un movimiento integrador, a través del diagnóstico, elaboración, implementación y evaluación de acciones para la formación del futuro especialista. Conclusiones: Este instrumento práctico se encamina a sistematizar la formación praxiológico-endoscópico-asistencial de este especialista en la atención holística preventivo-diagnóstico-terapéutica a pacientes con neoplasias digestivas, para el desarrollo de la excelencia en la profesión.

Introduction: In the process of the Gastroenterology resident training there are limitations in the care to patients with digestive neoplasms, which have their base in an scarce dynamics, while a visible polarization doctor-tools in the healthcare practice is observed, which is addressed towards the diagnostic and therapeutical digestive endoscopy more than to the preventive digestive endoscopy, as an indispensable part of the training process. Objective: To propose a pedagogical strategy, for the training of the Gastroenterology resident in the holistic and endoscopic care to patients with neoplasms of the digestive system. Development: A pedagogical strategy is proposed to systematize the preventive-diagnostic-therapeutical and holistic care in the training of the gastroenterology resident, which becomes a practical and flexible instrument, that includes stages and substages, methodological orientations and an evaluation system which allows to articulate the clinical and endoscopic contents, in an comprehensive movement, through the diagnosis, elaboration, implementation and evaluation of actions for the training of the future specialist. Conclusions: This practical instrument proposed is aimed at systematizing the praxiological-endoscopic training of these specialists in the holistic, preventive-diagnostic-therapeutic treatment to patients with digestive neoplasms, so as to reach professional excellence in the profession.